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Question 1 of 43
1. Question
Decades before you experienced websites which create custom radio stations by tailoring your musical selections according to your likes and dislikes, a pioneering researcher had the same concept. Although he is known now primarily among music historians, it is entirely possible that such sophisticated computer programs would not exist without the work of Alan Lomax.
What is the best title for this passage?
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Question 2 of 43
2. Question
Without question, the greatest appeal for most visitors to Bandhavgarh is its wildlife. The former hunting preserve of the maharajahs, the park is now home to an important tiger preserve, with perhaps the greatest density of Bengal tigers in the world. Visitors to the park can view the tigers via either jeep or elephant safari, although making the tour by elephant is recommended. The tigers are accustomed to tourists, but visitors are understandably encouraged to avoid sudden movements. In addition to Bengal tigers, Bandhavgarh is also home to numerous other animal species, as well as more than 250 species of birds.
What type of publication would this passage be most appropriate for?
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Question 3 of 43
3. Question
Because blues musicians were likely playing their music for years before it occurred to anyone to study it, it’s impossible to know just where and when it began. Different parts of the South claim to be the birthplace of the blues, but many music historians agree that it emerged from the Mississippi Delta—that the broad plain stretching from Memphis down to Vicksburg was uniquely suited to produce music that spoke of hard times and deals with the devil.
According to the passage, the blues originated where?
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Question 4 of 43
4. Question
The Cahaba River, which is the longest free-flowing river in Alabama, is home to an extremely rare species of plant, Hymenocallis coronaria, more commonly known as the Cahaba River lily. Although it grows in Georgia and South Carolina as well, there is one location along the Cahaba River, Hargrove Shoals, which is home to the largest concentration of the lily in the world.
According to the passage, where is the greatest concentration of the Cahaba River lily?
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Question 5 of 43
5. Question
1963 was one of the most eventful years in the civil rights movement. Throughout the year, Americans watched in shock as police in Birmingham turned fire hoses and German Shepherd police dogs on marchers. In late summer, Alabama governor George Wallace made his infamous “stand in the schoolhouse door,” an attempt to prevent African American students from entering the University of Alabama.
According to the passage, who attempted to prevent African American students from entering the University of Alabama?
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Question 6 of 43
6. Question
In 1886, Geronimo and fewer than fifty Apache were surrounded by five thousand troops. By this point, Geronimo was the last Native American who was still resisting US troops. Because he had resisted them so fiercely, US troops viewed him as the most evil of Native Americans. After their surrender, they were taken to prisons in the southeast. Most of them never saw their homeland again. Geronimo, a proud warrior, spent the last years of his life as a celebrity. He wrote his autobiography and appeared at fairs.
The author’s primary objective in writing this passage seems to be:
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Question 7 of 43
7. Question
Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce was one of the most noble leaders in Native American history. His given tribal name was Hin-mah-too-yah-lat-kekt, or Thunder Rolling Down the Mountain. But he was widely known as Joseph, which was also his father’s name. He was born in Oregon in 1840.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding Chief Joseph?
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Question 8 of 43
8. Question
While only a teenager, Maria moved to New York City, in the hopes of finding a spot with a major ballet company. It was in New York City that Maria was advised not to take the name Maria Tallchief. Russian ballerinas were very much admired at the time, and many American dancers took Russian stage names. Maria, however, was very proud of her Native American heritage. She refused to change her name.
According to the passage, why did Maria keep the name Tallchief?
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Question 9 of 43
9. Question
The Pacific Northwest is home to some of the United States’ most remarkable natural scenery. Located in south-central Oregon, Crater Lake is arguably the most striking site in that part of the country. A caldera lake, Crater Lake is the result of the eruption and collapse of Mount Mazama nearly eight thousand years ago. The lake is known for its brilliant blue water, as well as its depth: an astonishing 1,932 feet.
Crater Lake is located in what state?
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Question 10 of 43
10. Question
For the Egyptians, perfume was not only used to scent the body, it served a ritualistic purpose as well. Egyptians used perfumed resins, which they burned as offerings to their gods. In fact, this ritual gave us the word “perfume,” which comes from the Latin per fumum—through smoke. Many temples included rooms that were designated for perfumers, where perfumes would be offered to the gods throughout the day. The Egyptians associated perfume with immortality. Hence, scented herbs, spices and resins were an integral part of the mummification process. Pharaohs were wrapped in strips of linen soaked in pine, frankincense, cedarwood and myrrh.
According to the passage, the word “perfume” meant which of the following?
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Question 11 of 43
11. Question
Located along the Sunflower River, Dockery Farms was established in 1895. Although the early history of the blues is somewhat sketchy, it is believed that farm hand Henry Sloan was playing blues on the farm as early as 1897. There are no recordings of Sloan; his fame owes more to one of his Dockery protégés than his own work. Around 1900, the Patton family moved to Dockery farms, and one of the young Patton sons, Charley, became drawn to Sloan. In time, Patton became the most recognized figure out of a growing number of blues musicians in the area, and influenced subsequent generations of Delta bluesmen, such as Son House and Robert Johnson.
The author’s main point in writing the passage seems to be:
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Question 12 of 43
12. Question
Oman is uniquely suited for the growing of frankincense trees, which are extremely temperamental, and grow in only a few spots around the world. On the country’s southern coast, known as the frankincense coast, receives monsoon rains in the summer and has dry, desert conditions the rest of the year. The forbidding environment is uniquely suited to Boswellia sacra, along with Yemen and Somalia. But it is Omani frankincense that is the most valuable. It is used in perfumes, burned as incense, sold in markets across Oman, and even ingested for a host of purposes. Omanis ingest frankincense to sweeten the breath, to settle the stomach, and some pregnant Omani women continue the ancient tradition of chewing frankincense to ensure a smart baby. In Salalah, along the frankincense coast, one entrepreneur has even created a frankincense ice cream.
According to the passage, which of the following countries produces the most valuable frankincense?
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Question 13 of 43
13. Question
Before the discovery of oil, frankincense was Oman’s main source of wealth. As valuable as gold, it was revered throughout the ancient world, and fortunes were made shipping the resin throughout the Roman Empire. Although it is no longer as valued as gold, frankincense is still, in its own way, invaluable in Oman—as history and as culture.
According to the passage, Oman’s only export that is more valuable than frankincense is which of the following?
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Question 14 of 43
14. Question
Perhaps the most important food to the ancient (and modern) Greeks was the olive. It was not simply a food. It was also a big part of Greek history. Greeks believed that the goddess Athena gave the first olive tree to Athens before it eventually spread to the rest of Greece. Olives were used in many recipes. Olives were also crushed and their oil was used for lamps. Olive oil could also be used as a beauty product. Women rubbed into their skin to make it soft and shiny.
According to the passage, Greeks believed that the first olive tree was given to them by:
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Question 15 of 43
15. Question
In the bustling streets of Vietnam’s capital city of Hanoi is a one-thousand-year-old area known as the Old Quarter. The heart of the Old Quarter is made up of thirty-six streets, and is a living, breathing connection to Hanoi’s past.
The term “old,” in this case, is a bit of a misnomer. Few of the buildings in the Old Quarter are over one hundred years old. “Old” refers to the activities and commerce that take place in the buildings, rather than the buildings themselves. Originally, the thirty-six streets emerged around the palace of Emperor Ly Thai To as a group of workshop villages. The workshop villages evolved into guilds specializing in certain products, and skilled craftsmen were drawn into the Quarter to live and work in the same guilds. Over time, the streets in the Quarter became associated with the products which were sold there.
According to the passage, the streets in the Old Quarter came to be associated with which of the following?
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Question 16 of 43
16. Question
There wasn’t much difference in the clothing that ancient Greeks wore. The small differences depended on who was wearing it and for what purpose. Both men and women wore a garment called a tunic. The tunics worn by men reached their knees, and the tunics worn by women came to their feet. The tunic would usually be tied at the waist.
According to the passage, both Greek men and women wore a garment called a:
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Question 17 of 43
17. Question
Before they vanished from the face of the earth, the Nazca people of Peru left a series of geoglyphs (or motifs made into the ground) that have mystified scientists for years. Known as the Nazca lines, the geoglyphs are sometimes simple, appearing almost like a child’s stick-figure drawings. Others, however, are more stylized and complex. Their purpose remains a mystery.
According to the passage, the Nazca people were located in:
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Question 18 of 43
18. Question
Morgan developed a new rocket fuel called hydyne. It was the first American rocket fuel that was powerful enough to launch a satellite into space. Combined with liquid oxygen, hydyne gave rockets ten percent more thrust. The new fuel was used to launch the first US rocket into space, Explorer 1. Although Morgan’s role in hydyne’s development was so highly classified that even Wernher von Braun, the scientist overseeing the project, did not know her name, it’s likely that the American space program would have lagged years behind if not for the abilities of Mary Sherman Morgan.
The author’s main point in writing the passage seems to be:
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Question 19 of 43
19. Question
In 1856, William Perkin was an eighteen-year-old research assistant to London chemist August Hofman. Hofman was working with quinine, which was then the only treatment for malaria. At one point, Perkin found himself alone in the lab, and continued working with quinine on his own. While experimenting with coal tar in the hope of creating artificial quinine, Perkin found that he was left with a dirty, brownish residue. Perkin continued his experiments, and was eventually left with a lavender-pink residue that we know as mauve.
According to the passage, William Perkin was:
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Question 20 of 43
20. Question
The path of the monarchs was observed and studied for years, but it was not until 1975 that a scientist tracking the monarchs discovered their destination was southern Mexico. Each year, perhaps as many as one billion monarch butterflies make the trek from Canada and the United States to the Mexican states of Michoacan and Mexico. Such a trip means that most of the migrating butterflies will cover a distance of almost two thousand miles, with many averaging over fifty miles per day.
According to the passage, the monarch butterflies’ destination is which of the following?
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Question 21 of 43
21. Question
Northwest Alabama’s role in the music industry began in 1969 when musicians David Hood, Roger Hawkins, Barry Beckett, and Jimmy Johnson formed their own studio in Muscle Shoals. The musicians became known as the Muscle Shoals Sound Rhythm Section and were the first rhythm section to own their studio. Initially, the idea of a “Muscle Shoals sound,” as in a Memphis or Motown sound, was a joke. But the idea stuck, and in time, there would indeed come to be a distinct Muscle Shoals sound.
According to the passage, the “Muscle Shoals Sound” originated in which state?
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Question 22 of 43
22. Question
Founded by J.B. and Dorothy Nethercutt, heirs to the Merle Norman fortune, the Nethercutt Museum is one of Los Angeles’s treasures, although not particularly well-known. The museum began when J.B. Nethercutt restored his first vintage car; since then, the collection has become one of the world’s premier collections of antique and vintage automobiles, each one restored and meticulously maintained. The Museum actually consists of two buildings: the museum, which houses more than 250 classic automobiles dating as far back as 1897; and the Collection, which is home to hundreds of musical instruments, pieces of antique furniture, dolls, and other collectibles. Of special interest in the Collection is the Mighty Wurlitzer Theatre Pipe Organ. The building itself is something to behold, with exceptional marble floors and crystal chandeliers throughout.
The passage is best suited for which of the following?
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Question 23 of 43
23. Question
Perhaps the most important legacy of tube paints was that they allowed artists to become more mobile, setting up their easels in a country meadow or on a sea shore. The mobility of tubes meant that artists were free to work “en plein air,” or in the plain air. Painting outside their studios allowed artists to capture subtleties of light that are so characteristic of Impressionism. As Renoir said, “Without tubes of paint, there would have been no impressionism.”
According to the passage, the greatest advantage of using paint tubes was that they gave artists:
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Question 24 of 43
24. Question
Cullen, Franklin, Hadley and Gorrie each made their contribution to refrigeration, but the first refrigerator itself is generally attributed to the German engineer Carl von Linde. In 1876, von Linde perfected the means of converting large amounts of liquids—specifically, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and methyl chloride– into gases, for keeping an environment cool. Linde’s vapor-compression refrigeration system became—and is still—the most widely-used method of cooling.
The passage is best suited for which of the following?
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Question 25 of 43
25. Question
Most people have had the experience of catching a whiff of a certain scent and instantly being transported to a distant memory. Open a box of crayons, and the waxy smell may remind you of your childhood; an apple pie baking in the oven may remind you of your grandmother. But what is it about that scent that links us so powerfully to memories?
The author’s main point in writing the passage seems to be:
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Question 26 of 43
26. Question
Sixty feet beneath the surface of the Gulf of Mexico, a primeval forest has recently been discovered off the coast of Alabama. Buried under the silt for centuries, it was discovered by fishermen who noticed unusually large numbers of fish congregating in the area. Knowing that fish tend to gather around submerged structures, they decided to investigate.
According to the passage, a submerged forest has been located where?
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Question 27 of 43
27. Question
Although modern-day Holland is known for its tulips, they were a novelty in the country in the 1600s. Tulips were only introduced into Europe in the mid-1500s, and were not successfully cultivated in Holland for a number of years after that. The cultivation of tulips coincided with the Dutch Golden Age of the mid-1600s, and the flower instantly became a status symbol. In fact, tulips became so sought-after in Holland that tulipomania triggered what was perhaps the world’s first speculative bubble. But the truly odd thing about the flower frenzy is that the most coveted bulb was actually diseased.
According to the passage, Holland is known for what flower?
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Question 28 of 43
28. Question
Following the First World War, there was already a burgeoning movement to protect the world’s historic and natural wonders from destruction. The real catalyst for protecting such sites, however, came in 1954, when Egypt made plans to build the Aswan Dam. Concerned that building the dam would flood the valley of the Abu Simbel temples, UNESCO began a campaign to save the temples. The temples were relocated to higher ground and, galvanized by their success, UNESCO made plans to preserve more of the world’s wonders. In 1972, the World Heritage Commission was formed by UNESCO, with the responsibility of preserving sites of unique cultural or natural value.
According to the passage, the movement to preserve the world’s historic sites originated when which country planned to build a dam that would flood ancient temples?
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Question 29 of 43
29. Question
In 1977, the Voyager I spacecraft was launched from Cape Canaveral with the objective of reaching and studying the outer planets. Already in space for more than thirty years, Voyager I will not return to Earth. On board the spacecraft is a unique souvenir of life on our planet, a one-of-a-kind record album made of gold-plated copper. Dedicated to “the makers of music—all worlds, all times,” and based on the hope that there might be intelligent life outside of Earth, the record is meant to offer a glimpse of both human and animal life. Should the album (usually referred to as the Voyager Album) be intercepted by intelligent life, the album provides detailed drawings which explain how the record can be played.
According to the passage, the Voyager was launched in what year?
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Question 30 of 43
30. Question
For those who seek a spiritual experience, you will find much to admire in the Zingchen Valley. The valley is home to numerous Buddhist gompas, or monasteries, including the 400 year old Hemis Monastery. In late summer, the monastery is the location of the Hemis Teschu Festival. Fluttering prayer flags will be a reminder to you that the valley, home to just two houses, is nonetheless a significant site among the Buddhist faith.
The author claims that what kind of person might enjoy the Zingchen Valley?
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Question 31 of 43
31. Question
Following the violence in the South, Lyndon Johnson became convinced that a federal voting rights bill was necessary to ensure the right to vote. The result was the Voting Rights Act, which established federal oversight over elections, and prohibited requirements for voting, such as literacy tests. The result was a marked increase in the number of African American voters throughout the South.
According to the passage, the Voting Rights Act was passed:
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Question 32 of 43
32. Question
By 1932, the Great Depression reached its lowest point. Unemployment in the US hovered at nearly twenty-five percent. The causes of the Depression were many, but for many Americans, the cause was simple: President Herbert Hoover. 1932 was also an election year. Republicans re-nominated Hoover, who likely would not have defeated anyone. As it was, his Democratic opponent was Franklin Roosevelt, possessed of an infectious optimism which was very much at odds with the dour Hoover.
According to the passage, unemployment in 1932 was:
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Question 33 of 43
33. Question
The metal porch swing virtually sizzled on the old wooden front porch today. But we sat there anyway. Gramma wouldn’t hear of anything else. I suggested a walk through the forest, hoping to entertain a breeze or two and to take advantage of the shade. Gramma shook her head. You were supposed to sit on the porch after supper, and that’s what we were going to do.
This author implies that
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Question 34 of 43
34. Question
A lamb’s thick winter coat keeps it warm during the cold winter months. When the summer brings sunny days, the sheep doesn’t need its thick coat and the sheep’s wool is sheared. That wool is made into yarn, further processed, and then transformed into sweaters, socks, pants, skirts, and blankets.
According to the passage, which of the following best describes why sheep are sheared?
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Question 35 of 43
35. Question
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. It has proteins attached to it and exists in the form of chromosomes. DNA in chromosomes contains the information that determines all of the physical characteristics that were inherited from the previous generation. Although some features of DNA differ from species to species, many things about DNA remain the same, regardless of the parent organism. Strawberries, for example, have DNA.
This author implies that
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Question 36 of 43
36. Question
The Mississippi River is key to New Orleans’ flavor and pizzazz. The seafood, the steamboat cruise, the swamp tours, and the history—it’s all there. And the jazz? There are those who would swear that the uncanny beat of the music comes from the intrepid rhythm of the Mississippi’s waters.
According to the passage, some people believe that the atmosphere and reputation of New Orleans is derived primarily from
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Question 37 of 43
37. Question
A story line is comprised of the main plot, a sequence of events involving the primary characters. There are also subplots in which the minor characters carry out their roles. The situations of the main and minor/supporting characters intertwine, thereby creating a realistic plot where people’s lives interact, just as they would in real life.
This author is making a comparison between
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Question 38 of 43
38. Question
In general, most people think of a culture as a set of behaviors belonging to a group sharing common values, history, and traditions. This group may call itself a community, but this does not mean that those in a common culture necessarily live in the same neighborhood, or even nearby. But, it does mean that they share norms for what is expected in their culture.
According to the passage, people in a community will
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Question 39 of 43
39. Question
American Sign Language (ASL) is a conceptual language, and the way those concepts are put together is called syntax. In ASL, a statement usually begins with the main idea and then the details follow. Very different from English, ASL syntax is based on what is most important to the person signing.
This author implies that
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Question 40 of 43
40. Question
While some playwrights are known for writing essays defending their own work or criticizing the work of competing writers, Arthur Miller’s essays are simply about theater. While we may discover politics and favoritism when we comb through Miller’s essays looking for such things, in doing so, we may risk missing the point of the works—Miller only wants for us to benefit from his years of experience. Even his earliest essays read as virtual how-to manuals for new playwrights and directors. These works ring with clarity and forthrightness, and are filled with thoughtful and often provocative opinions. These essays teach us what the theater is, what it might be, and how to make it so.
The author suggests that Miller’s essays differ from other playwrights’ essays in that
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Question 41 of 43
41. Question
Although much about dolphin communication remains a mystery, scientists have discovered three distinct sounds that dolphins frequently make: chirps, clicks, and whistles. Scientists have learned that dolphins use clicks to create a sonar map, which allows them to navigate and hunt. But, apart from possibly transmitting location, the clicks do not appear to serve any communication purpose. Rather, research indicates that dolphins communicate with each other by whistling. This discovery has necessitated further investigation, as scientists are not yet sure whether the whistles comprise a complex system of linguistic communication or a simple set of sonic cues, like the ones used by other animal species.
According to the passage, the whistles are significant in part because they
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Question 42 of 43
42. Question
Although much about dolphin communication remains a mystery, scientists have discovered three distinct sounds that dolphins frequently make: chirps, clicks, and whistles. Scientists have learned that dolphins use clicks to create a sonar map, which allows them to navigate and hunt. But, apart from possibly transmitting location, the clicks do not appear to serve any communication purpose. Rather, research indicates that dolphins communicate with each other by whistling. This discovery has necessitated further investigation, as scientists are not yet sure whether the whistles comprise a complex system of linguistic communication or a simple set of sonic cues, like the ones used by other animal species.
Based on the passage, the most reasonable inference is that
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Question 43 of 43
43. Question
Marvin Freeman’s groundbreaking new study of the plays of Henrik Ibsen will alter the course of Ibsen scholarship forever. Previously, scholars limited the areas of their studies to a particular phase of Ibsen’s career, since a different scholarly approach seemed to fit each of the phases. Freeman has instead taken on the entirety of Ibsen’s work. Happily, this breadth of scholarship does not diminish the depth with which Freeman explores each work. Ibsen’s career is now liberated from arbitrary divisions and stands before us as a complete picture. It will be years before we can fully appreciate the service that Freeman has rendered.
What is the main point of the paragraph?
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